最佳答案
你好,参考这个
· 所有的路由器都运行OSPF,并将整个自治系统划分为3个区域。
· 其中Router A和Router B作为ABR来转发区域之间的路由。
· 配置完成后,每台路由器都应学到AS内的到所有网段的路由。
图1-15 OSPF基本功能配置组网图
(1) 配置各接口的IP地址(略)
(2) 配置OSPF基本功能
# 配置Router A。
<RouterA> system-view
[RouterA] router id 10.2.1.1
[RouterA] ospf
[RouterA-ospf-1] area 0
[RouterA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
[RouterA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] quit
[RouterA-ospf-1] area 1
[RouterA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1] network 10.2.1.0 0.0.0.255
[RouterA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1] quit
[RouterA-ospf-1] quit
# 配置Router B。
<RouterB> system-view
[RouterB] router id 10.3.1.1
[RouterB] ospf
[RouterB-ospf-1] area 0
[RouterB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
[RouterB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] quit
[RouterB-ospf-1] area 2
[RouterB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2] network 10.3.1.0 0.0.0.255
[RouterB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2] quit
[RouterB-ospf-1] quit
# 配置Router C。
<RouterC> system-view
[RouterC] router id 10.4.1.1
[RouterC] ospf
[RouterC-ospf-1] area 1
[RouterC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1] network 10.2.1.0 0.0.0.255
[RouterC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1] network 10.4.1.0 0.0.0.255
[RouterC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1] quit
[RouterC-ospf-1] quit
# 配置Router D。
<RouterD> system-view
[RouterD] router id 10.5.1.1
[RouterD] ospf
[RouterD-ospf-1] area 2
[RouterD-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2] network 10.3.1.0 0.0.0.255
[RouterD-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2] network 10.5.1.0 0.0.0.255
[RouterD-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2] quit
[RouterD-ospf-1] quit
# 查看Router A的OSPF邻居。
[RouterA] display ospf peer verbose
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.2.1.1
Neighbors
Area 0.0.0.0 interface 10.1.1.1(GigabitEthernet1/0/1)'s neighbors
Router ID: 10.3.1.1 Address: 10.1.1.2 GR State: Normal
State: Full Mode: Nbr is master Priority: 1
DR: 10.1.1.1 BDR: 10.1.1.2 MTU: 0
Options is 0x02 (-|-|-|-|-|-|E|-)
Dead timer due in 37 sec
Neighbor is up for 06:03:59
Authentication Sequence: [ 0 ]
Neighbor state change count: 5
BFD status: Disabled
Area 0.0.0.1 interface 10.2.1.1(GigabitEthernet1/0/2)'s neighbors
Router ID: 10.4.1.1 Address: 10.2.1.2 GR State: Normal
State: Full Mode: Nbr is master Priority: 1
DR: 10.2.1.1 BDR: 10.2.1.2 MTU: 0
Options is 0x02 (-|-|-|-|-|-|E|-)
Dead timer due in 32 sec
Neighbor is up for 06:03:12
Authentication Sequence: [ 0 ]
Neighbor state change count: 5
BFD status: Disabled
# 查看Router A的OSPF路由信息。
[RouterA] display ospf routing
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.2.1.1
Routing Table
Routing for network
Destination Cost Type NextHop AdvRouter Area
10.2.1.0/24 1 Transit 10.2.1.1 10.2.1.1 0.0.0.1
10.3.1.0/24 2 Inter 10.1.1.2 10.3.1.1 0.0.0.0
10.4.1.0/24 2 Stub 10.2.1.2 10.4.1.1 0.0.0.1
10.5.1.0/24 3 Inter 10.1.1.2 10.3.1.1 0.0.0.0
10.1.1.0/24 1 Transit 10.1.1.1 10.2.1.1 0.0.0.0
Total nets: 5
Intra area: 3 Inter area: 2 ASE: 0 NSSA: 0
# 查看Router D的OSPF路由信息。
[RouterD] display ospf routing
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.5.1.1
Routing Table
Routing for network
Destination Cost Type NextHop AdvRouter Area
10.2.1.0/24 3 Inter 10.3.1.1 10.3.1.1 0.0.0.2
10.3.1.0/24 1 Transit 10.3.1.2 10.3.1.1 0.0.0.2
10.4.1.0/24 4 Inter 10.3.1.1 10.3.1.1 0.0.0.2
10.5.1.0/24 1 Stub 10.5.1.1 10.5.1.1 0.0.0.2
10.1.1.0/24 2 Inter 10.3.1.1 10.3.1.1 0.0.0.2
Total nets: 5
Intra area: 2 Inter area: 3 ASE: 0 NSSA: 0
# 在Router D上使用Ping测试连通性。
[RouterD] ping 10.4.1.1
Ping 10.4.1.1 (10.4.1.1): 56 data bytes, press CTRL+C to break
56 bytes from 10.4.1.1: icmp_seq=0 ttl=253 time=1.549 ms
56 bytes from 10.4.1.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=253 time=1.539 ms
56 bytes from 10.4.1.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=253 time=0.779 ms
56 bytes from 10.4.1.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=253 time=1.702 ms
56 bytes from 10.4.1.1: icmp_seq=4 ttl=253 time=1.471 ms
--- Ping statistics for 10.4.1.1 ---
5 packet(s) transmitted, 5 packet(s) received, 0.0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max/std-dev = 0.779/1.408/1.702/0.323 ms
· 所有的路由器都运行OSPF,整个自治系统划分为3个区域。
· 其中Router A和Router B作为ABR来转发区域之间的路由。
· 在Router C上配置为ASBR引入外部路由(静态路由),且路由信息可正确的在AS内传播。
图1-16 OSPF引入自治系统外部路由配置组网图
(1) 配置各接口的IP地址(略)
(2) 配置OSPF(同前例“1.22.1 OSPF基本功能配置举例”)
(3) 配置引入自治系统外部路由
# 在Router C上配置一条到目的网段3.1.2.0/24的静态路由。
<RouterC> system-view
[RouterC] ip route-static 3.1.2.1 24 10.4.1.2
# 在Router C上配置OSPF引入静态路由。
[RouterC] ospf 1
[RouterC-ospf-1] import-route static
# 查看Router D的ABR/ASBR信息。
<RouterD> display ospf abr-asbr
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.5.1.1
Routing Table to ABR and ASBR
Type Destination Area Cost Nexthop RtType
Intra 10.3.1.1 0.0.0.2 10 10.3.1.1 ABR
Inter 10.4.1.1 0.0.0.2 22 10.3.1.1 ASBR
# 查看Router D的OSPF路由信息。
<RouterD> display ospf routing
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.5.1.1
Routing Table
Routing for network
Destination Cost Type NextHop AdvRouter Area
10.2.1.0/24 22 Inter 10.3.1.1 10.3.1.1 0.0.0.2
10.3.1.0/24 10 Transit 10.3.1.2 10.3.1.1 0.0.0.2
10.4.1.0/24 25 Inter 10.3.1.1 10.3.1.1 0.0.0.2
10.5.1.0/24 10 Stub 10.5.1.1 10.5.1.1 0.0.0.2
10.1.1.0/24 12 Inter 10.3.1.1 10.3.1.1 0.0.0.2
Routing for ASEs
Destination Cost Type Tag NextHop AdvRouter
3.1.2.0/24 1 Type2 1 10.3.1.1 10.4.1.1
Total nets: 6
Intra area: 2 Inter area: 3 ASE: 1 NSSA: 0
· Router A和Router B位于AS200内,AS200内使用OSPF作为IGP协议。
· Router C、Router D和Router E位于AS100内,AS100内使用OSPF作为IGP协议。
· Router B和Router C之间建立EBGP连接,配置BGP引入OSPF和直连路由,配置OSPF进程引入BGP路由。
· 为了减小Router A的路由表规模,在Router B上配置路由聚合,只发布聚合后的路由10.0.0.0/8。
图1-17 OSPF发布聚合路由配置组网图
(1) 配置接口的IP地址(略)
(2) 配置OSPF
# 配置Router A。
<RouterA> system-view
[RouterA] router id 11.2.1.2
[RouterA] ospf
[RouterA-ospf-1] area 0
[RouterA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 11.2.1.0 0.0.0.255
[RouterA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] quit
[RouterA-ospf-1] quit
# 配置Router B。
<RouterB> system-view
[RouterB] router id 11.2.1.1
[RouterB] ospf
[RouterB-ospf-1] area 0
[RouterB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 11.2.1.0 0.0.0.255
[RouterB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] quit
[RouterB-ospf-1] quit
# 配置Router C。
<RouterC> system-view
[RouterC] router id 11.1.1.2
[RouterC] ospf
[RouterC-ospf-1] area 0
[RouterC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
[RouterC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 10.2.1.0 0.0.0.255
[RouterC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] quit
[RouterC-ospf-1] quit
# 配置Router D。
<RouterD> system-view
[RouterD] router id 10.3.1.1
[RouterD] ospf
[RouterD-ospf-1] area 0
[RouterD-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
[RouterD-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 10.3.1.0 0.0.0.255
[RouterD-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] quit
[RouterD-ospf-1] quit
# 配置Router E。
<RouterE> system-view
[RouterE] router id 10.4.1.1
[RouterE] ospf
[RouterE-ospf-1] area 0
[RouterE-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 10.2.1.0 0.0.0.255
[RouterE-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 10.4.1.0 0.0.0.255
[RouterE-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] quit
[RouterE-ospf-1] quit
(3) 配置BGP,引入OSPF和直连路由
# 配置Router B。
[RouterB] bgp 200
[RouterB-bgp-default] peer 11.1.1.2 as-number 100
[RouterB-bgp-default] address-family ipv4 unicast
[RouterB-bgp-default-ipv4] peer 11.1.1.2 enable
[RouterB-bgp-default-ipv4] import-route ospf
[RouterB-bgp-default-ipv4] import-route direct
[RouterB-bgp-default-ipv4] quit
[RouterB-bgp-default] quit
# 配置Router C。
[RouterC] bgp 100
[RouterC-bgp-default] peer 11.1.1.1 as-number 200
[RouterC-bgp-default] address-family ipv4 unicast
[RouterC-bgp-default-ipv4] peer 11.1.1.1 enable
[RouterC-bgp-default-ipv4] import-route ospf
[RouterC-bgp-default-ipv4] import-route direct
[RouterB-bgp-default-ipv4] quit
[RouterC-bgp-default] quit
(4) 在Router B和Router C上配置OSPF引入BGP路由
# 在Router B上配置OSPF引入BGP路由。
[RouterB] ospf
[RouterB-ospf-1] import-route bgp
# 在Router C上配置OSPF引入BGP路由。
[RouterC] ospf
[RouterC-ospf-1] import-route bgp
# 查看Router A的路由表信息。
[RouterA] display ip routing-table
Destinations : 16 Routes : 16
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface
0.0.0.0/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
10.1.1.0/24 O_ASE2 150 1 11.2.1.1 GE1/0/1
10.2.1.0/24 O_ASE2 150 1 11.2.1.1 GE1/0/1
10.3.1.0/24 O_ASE2 150 1 11.2.1.1 GE1/0/1
10.4.1.0/24 O_ASE2 150 1 11.2.1.1 GE1/0/1
11.2.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 11.2.1.2 GE1/0/1
11.2.1.0/32 Direct 0 0 11.2.1.2 GE1/0/1
11.2.1.2/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
11.2.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 11.2.1.2 GE1/0/1
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
127.0.0.0/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
224.0.0.0/4 Direct 0 0 0.0.0.0 NULL0
224.0.0.0/24 Direct 0 0 0.0.0.0 NULL0
255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
(5) 在Router B上配置路由聚合,只发布聚合路由10.0.0.0/8。
[RouterB-ospf-1] asbr-summary 10.0.0.0 8
# 查看Router A的路由表信息。
[RouterA] display ip routing-table
Destinations : 13 Routes : 13
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface
0.0.0.0/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
10.0.0.0/8 O_ASE2 150 1 11.2.1.1 GE1/0/1
11.2.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 11.2.1.2 GE1/0/1
11.2.1.0/32 Direct 0 0 11.2.1.2 GE1/0/1
11.2.1.2/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
11.2.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 11.2.1.2 GE1/0/1
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
127.0.0.0/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
224.0.0.0/4 Direct 0 0 0.0.0.0 NULL0
224.0.0.0/24 Direct 0 0 0.0.0.0 NULL0
255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
可以看出,路由10.1.1.0/24、10.2.1.0/24、10.3.1.0/24、10.4.1.0/24已经聚合为一条路由10.0.0.0/8。
· 所有的路由器都运行OSPF,整个自治系统划分为3个区域。
· 其中Router A和Router B作为ABR来转发区域之间的路由,Router D作为ASBR引入了外部路由(静态路由)。
· 要求将Area1配置为Stub区域,减少通告到此区域内的LSA数量,但不影响路由的可达性。
图1-18 OSPF Stub区域配置组网图
(1) 配置接口的IP地址(略)
(2) 配置OSPF(同前例“1.22.1 OSPF基本功能配置举例”)
(3) 配置Router D引入静态路由
<RouterD> system-view
[RouterD] ip route-static 3.1.2.1 24 10.5.1.2
[RouterD] ospf
[RouterD-ospf-1] import-route static
[RouterD-ospf-1] quit
# 查看Router C的ABR/ASBR信息。
<RouterC> display ospf abr-asbr
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.4.1.1
Routing Table to ABR and ASBR
Type Destination Area Cost Nexthop RtType
Intra 10.2.1.1 0.0.0.1 3 10.2.1.1 ABR
Inter 10.5.1.1 0.0.0.1 7 10.2.1.1 ASBR
# 查看Router C的OSPF路由表,可以看到路由表中存在AS外部的路由。
<RouterC> display ospf routing
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.4.1.1
Routing Table
Routing for network
Destination Cost Type NextHop AdvRouter Area
10.2.1.0/24 3 Transit 0.0.0.0 10.2.1.1 0.0.0.1
10.3.1.0/24 7 Inter 10.2.1.1 10.2.1.1 0.0.0.1
10.4.1.0/24 3 Stub 10.4.1.1 10.4.1.1 0.0.0.1
10.5.1.0/24 17 Inter 10.2.1.1 10.2.1.1 0.0.0.1
10.1.1.0/24 5 Inter 10.2.1.1 10.2.1.1 0.0.0.1
Routing for ASEs
Destination Cost Type Tag NextHop AdvRouter
3.1.2.0/24 1 Type2 1 10.2.1.1 10.5.1.1
Total nets: 6
Intra area: 2 Inter area: 3 ASE: 1 NSSA: 0
(4) 配置Area1为Stub区域
# 配置Router A。
<RouterA> system-view
[RouterA] ospf
[RouterA-ospf-1] area 1
[RouterA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1] stub
[RouterA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1] quit
[RouterA-ospf-1] quit
# 配置Router C。
<RouterC> system-view
[RouterC] ospf
[RouterC-ospf-1] area 1
[RouterC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1] stub
[RouterC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1] quit
[RouterC-ospf-1] quit
# 查看Router C的OSPF路由表,已经看不到AS外部的路由,取而代之的是一条缺省路由。
[RouterC] display ospf routing
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.4.1.1
Routing Table
Routing for network
Destination Cost Type NextHop AdvRouter Area
0.0.0.0/0 4 Inter 10.2.1.1 10.2.1.1 0.0.0.1
10.2.1.0/24 3 Transit 0.0.0.0 10.2.1.1 0.0.0.1
10.3.1.0/24 7 Inter 10.2.1.1 10.2.1.1 0.0.0.1
10.4.1.0/24 3 Stub 10.4.1.1 10.4.1.1 0.0.0.1
10.5.1.0/24 17 Inter 10.2.1.1 10.2.1.1 0.0.0.1
10.1.1.0/24 5 Inter 10.2.1.1 10.2.1.1 0.0.0.1
Total nets: 6
Intra area: 2 Inter area: 4 ASE: 0 NSSA: 0
# 配置Area1为Totally Stub区域。
[RouterA] ospf
[RouterA-ospf-1] area 1
[RouterA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1] stub no-summary
[RouterA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1] quit
# 查看Router C的OSPF路由表,可以看到路由表项进一步减少,只保留了一条通往区域外部的缺省路由。
[RouterC] display ospf routing
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.4.1.1
Routing Table
Routing for network
Destination Cost Type NextHop AdvRouter Area
0.0.0.0/0 4 Inter 10.2.1.1 10.2.1.1 0.0.0.1
10.2.1.0/24 3 Transit 0.0.0.0 10.4.1.1 0.0.0.1
10.4.1.0/24 3 Stub 10.4.1.1 10.4.1.1 0.0.0.1
Total nets: 3
Intra area: 2 Inter area: 1 ASE: 0 NSSA: 0
· 所有的路由器都运行OSPF,整个自治系统划分为3个区域。
· 其中Router A和Router B作为ABR来转发区域之间的路由。
· 要求将Area1配置为NSSA区域,同时将Router C配置为ASBR引入外部路由(静态路由),且路由信息可正确的在AS内传播。
图1-19 OSPF NSSA区域配置组网图
(1) 配置各接口的IP地址(略)
(2) 配置OSPF(同前例“1.22.1 OSPF基本功能配置举例”)
(3) 配置Area1区域为NSSA区域
# 配置Router A。
<RouterA> system-view
[RouterA] ospf
[RouterA-ospf-1] area 1
[RouterA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1] nssa
[RouterA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1] quit
[RouterA-ospf-1] quit
# 配置Router C。
<RouterC> system-view
[RouterC] ospf
[RouterC-ospf-1] area 1
[RouterC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1] nssa
[RouterC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1] quit
[RouterC-ospf-1] quit
# 查看Router C的OSPF路由表。
[RouterC] display ospf routing
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.4.1.1
Routing Table
Routing for network
Destination Cost Type NextHop AdvRouter Area
10.2.1.0/24 3 Transit 10.2.1.2 10.4.1.1 0.0.0.1
10.3.1.0/24 7 Inter 10.2.1.1 10.2.1.1 0.0.0.1
10.4.1.0/24 3 Stub 10.4.1.1 10.4.1.1 0.0.0.1
10.5.1.0/24 17 Inter 10.2.1.1 10.2.1.1 0.0.0.1
10.1.1.0/24 5 Inter 10.2.1.1 10.2.1.1 0.0.0.1
Total nets: 5
Intra area: 2 Inter area: 3 ASE: 0 NSSA: 0
(4) 配置Router C引入静态路由
[RouterC] ip route-static 3.1.2.1 24 10.4.1.2
[RouterC] ospf
[RouterC-ospf-1] import-route static
[RouterC-ospf-1] quit
# 查看Router D的OSPF路由表,可以看到NSSA区域引入了一条AS外部路由。
<RouterD> display ospf routing
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.5.1.1
Routing Table
Routing for network
Destination Cost Type NextHop AdvRouter Area
10.2.1.0/24 22 Inter 10.3.1.1 10.3.1.1 0.0.0.2
10.3.1.0/24 10 Transit 10.3.1.2 10.3.1.1 0.0.0.2
10.4.1.0/24 25 Inter 10.3.1.1 10.3.1.1 0.0.0.2
10.5.1.0/24 10 Stub 10.5.1.1 10.5.1.1 0.0.0.2
10.1.1.0/24 12 Inter 10.3.1.1 10.3.1.1 0.0.0.2
Routing for ASEs
Destination Cost Type Tag NextHop AdvRouter
3.1.2.0/24 1 Type2 1 10.3.1.1 10.2.1.1
Total nets: 6
Intra area: 2 Inter area: 3 ASE: 1 NSSA: 0
· Router A、Router B、Router C、Router D在同一网段,运行OSPF协议后Router D为DR,Router C为BDR。
· 改变路由器接口的DR优先级使Router A成为DR,Router C成为BDR。
图1-20 OSPF的DR选择配置组网图
(1) 配置各接口的IP地址(略)
(2) 分别在Router A、Router B、Router C和Router D上配置OSPF基本功能(请参见“1.22.1 OSPF基本功能配置举例”)
(3) 运行OSPF后Router D为DR,可在Router A上通过display ospf peer verbose命令查看其邻居信息。
[RouterA] display ospf peer verbose
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1
Neighbors
Area 0.0.0.0 interface 192.168.1.1(GigabitEthernet1/0/1)'s neighbors
Router ID: 2.2.2.2 Address: 192.168.1.2 GR State: Normal
State: 2-Way Mode: None Priority: 1
DR: 192.168.1.4 BDR: 192.168.1.3 MTU: 0
Options is 0x02 (-|-|-|-|-|-|E|-)
Dead timer due in 38 sec
Neighbor is up for 00:01:31
Authentication Sequence: [ 0 ]
Neighbor state change count: 6
BFD status: Disabled
Router ID: 3.3.3.3 Address: 192.168.1.3 GR State: Normal
State: Full Mode: Nbr is master Priority: 1
DR: 192.168.1.4 BDR: 192.168.1.3 MTU: 0
Options is 0x02 (-|-|-|-|-|-|E|-)
Dead timer due in 31 sec
Neighbor is up for 00:01:28
Authentication Sequence: [ 0 ]
Neighbor state change count: 6
BFD status: Disabled
Router ID: 4.4.4.4 Address: 192.168.1.4 GR State: Normal
State: Full Mode: Nbr is master Priority: 1
DR: 192.168.1.4 BDR: 192.168.1.3 MTU: 0
Options is 0x02 (-|-|-|-|-|-|E|-)
Dead timer due in 31 sec
Neighbor is up for 00:01:28
Authentication Sequence: [ 0 ]
Neighbor state change count: 6
BFD status: Disabled
可以看到Router D为DR,Router C为BDR。
(4) 配置接口的DR优先级
# 配置Router A。
[RouterA] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1
[RouterA-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] ospf dr-priority 100
[RouterA-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit
[RouterA] quit
# 配置Router B。
[RouterB] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1
[RouterB-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] ospf dr-priority 0
[RouterB-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit
[RouterB] quit
# 配置Router C。
[RouterC] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1
[RouterC-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] ospf dr-priority 2
[RouterC-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit
[RouterC] quit
# 查看Router D的邻居信息。
<RouterD> display ospf peer verbose
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 4.4.4.4
Neighbors
Area 0.0.0.0 interface 192.168.1.4(GigabitEthernet1/0/1)'s neighbors
Router ID: 1.1.1.1 Address: 192.168.1.1 GR State: Normal
State: Full Mode:Nbr is slave Priority: 100
DR: 192.168.1.4 BDR: 192.168.1.3 MTU: 0
Options is 0x02 (-|-|-|-|-|-|E|-)
Dead timer due in 31 sec
Neighbor is up for 00:11:17
Authentication Sequence: [ 0 ]
Neighbor state change count: 6
BFD status: Disabled
Router ID: 2.2.2.2 Address: 192.168.1.2 GR State: Normal
State: Full Mode:Nbr is slave Priority: 0
DR: 192.168.1.4 BDR: 192.168.1.3 MTU: 0
Options is 0x02 (-|-|-|-|-|-|E|-)
Dead timer due in 35 sec
Neighbor is up for 00:11:19
Authentication Sequence: [ 0 ]
Neighbor state change count: 6
BFD status: Disabled
Router ID: 3.3.3.3 Address: 192.168.1.3 GR State: Normal
State: Full Mode:Nbr is slave Priority: 2
DR: 192.168.1.4 BDR: 192.168.1.3 MTU: 0
Options is 0x02 (-|-|-|-|-|-|E|-)
Dead timer due in 33 sec
Neighbor is up for 00:11:15
Authentication Sequence: [ 0 ]
Neighbor state change count: 6
BFD status: Disabled
可以看到,网络中DR/BDR并没有改变。
(5) 同时重启Router A、Router B、Router C和Router D上的OSPF进程
# 重启Router A的进程。
<RouterA> reset ospf 1 process
Warning : Reset OSPF process? [Y/N]:y
# 重启Router B的进程。
<RouterB> reset ospf 1 process
Warning : Reset OSPF process? [Y/N]:y
# 重启Router C的进程。
<RouterC> reset ospf 1 process
Warning : Reset OSPF process? [Y/N]:y
# 重启Router D的进程。
<RouterD> reset ospf 1 process
Warning : Reset OSPF process? [Y/N]:y
# 查看Router D的邻居信息。
<RouterD> display ospf peer verbose
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 4.4.4.4
Neighbors
Area 0.0.0.0 interface 192.168.1.4(GigabitEthernet1/0/1)'s neighbors
Router ID: 1.1.1.1 Address: 192.168.1.1 GR State: Normal
State: Full Mode: Nbr is slave Priority: 100
DR: 192.168.1.1 BDR: 192.168.1.3 MTU: 0
Options is 0x02 (-|-|-|-|-|-|E|-)
Dead timer due in 39 sec
Neighbor is up for 00:01:40
Authentication Sequence: [ 0 ]
Neighbor state change count: 6
BFD status: Disabled
Router ID: 2.2.2.2 Address: 192.168.1.2 GR State: Normal
State: 2-Way Mode: None Priority: 0
DR: 192.168.1.1 BDR: 192.168.1.3 MTU: 0
Options is 0x02 (-|-|-|-|-|-|E|-)
Dead timer due in 35 sec
Neighbor is up for 00:01:44
Authentication Sequence: [ 0 ]
Neighbor state change count: 6
BFD status: Disabled
Router ID: 3.3.3.3 Address: 192.168.1.3 GR State: Normal
State: Full Mode: Nbr is slave Priority: 2
DR: 192.168.1.1 BDR: 192.168.1.3 MTU: 0
Options is 0x02 (-|-|-|-|-|-|E|-)
Dead timer due in 39 sec
Neighbor is up for 00:01:41
Authentication Sequence: [ 0 ]
Neighbor state change count: 6
BFD status: Disabled
可以看到Router A成为DR,Router C为BDR。
当路由器的邻居关系稳定后:
· 如果邻居的状态是Full,这说明它和邻居之间形成了邻接关系;
· 如果邻居的状态是2-Way,则说明它们都不是DR或BDR,两者之间不需要交换LSA。
# 查看OSPF接口的状态。
<RouterA> display ospf interface
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1
Interfaces
Area: 0.0.0.0
IP Address Type State Cost Pri DR BDR
192.168.1.1 Broadcast DR 1 100 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.3
[RouterB] display ospf interface
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 2.2.2.2
Interfaces
Area: 0.0.0.0
IP Address Type State Cost Pri DR BDR
192.168.1.2 Broadcast DROther 1 0 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.3
· Area2没有与Area0直接相连。Area1被用作传输区域(Transit Area)来连接Area2和Area0。Router B和Router C之间配置一条虚连接。
· 配置完成后,Router B能够学到Area2中的路由。
图1-21 OSPF虚连接配置组网图
(1) 配置各接口的IP地址(略)
(2) 配置OSPF基本功能
# 配置 Router A。
<RouterA> system-view
[RouterA] ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1
[RouterA-ospf-1] area 0
[RouterA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
[RouterA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] quit
[RouterA-ospf-1] quit
# 配置Router B。
<RouterB> system-view
[RouterB] ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[RouterB-ospf-1] area 0
[RouterB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
[RouterB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] quit
[RouterB-ospf-1] area 1
[RouterB–ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1] network 10.2.1.0 0.0.0.255
[RouterB–ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1] quit
[RouterB-ospf-1] quit
# 配置Router C。
<RouterC> system-view
[RouterC] ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[RouterC-ospf-1] area 1
[RouterC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1] network 10.2.1.0 0.0.0.255
[RouterC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1] quit
[RouterC-ospf-1] area 2
[RouterC–ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2] network 10.3.1.0 0.0.0.255
[RouterC–ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2] quit
[RouterC-ospf-1] quit
# 配置Router D。
<RouterD> system-view
[RouterD] ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
[RouterD-ospf-1] area 2
[RouterD-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2] network 10.3.1.0 0.0.0.255
[RouterD-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2] quit
[RouterD-ospf-1] quit
# 查看Router B的OSPF路由表。
[RouterB] display ospf routing
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 2.2.2.2
Routing Table
Routing for network
Destination Cost Type NextHop AdvRouter Area
10.2.1.0/24 2 Transit 10.2.1.1 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.1
10.1.1.0/24 2 Transit 10.1.1.2 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0
Total nets: 2
Intra area: 2 Inter area: 0 ASE: 0 NSSA: 0
由于Area0没有与Area2直接相连,所以Router B的路由表中没有Area 2的路由。
(3) 配置虚连接
# 配置Router B。
[RouterB] ospf
[RouterB-ospf-1] area 1
[RouterB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1] vlink-peer 3.3.3.3
[RouterB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1] quit
[RouterB-ospf-1] quit
# 配置Router C。
[RouterhC] ospf
[RouterC-ospf-1] area 1
[RouterC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1] vlink-peer 2.2.2.2
[RouterC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1] quit
[RouterC-ospf-1] quit
# 查看Router B的OSPF路由表。
[RouterB] display ospf routing
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 2.2.2.2
Routing Table
Routing for network
Destination Cost Type NextHop AdvRouter Area
10.2.1.0/24 2 Transit 10.2.1.1 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.1
10.3.1.0/24 5 Inter 10.2.1.2 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0
10.1.1.0/24 2 Transit 10.1.1.2 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0
Total nets: 3
Intra area: 2 Inter area: 1 ASE: 0 NSSA: 0
可以看到,Router B已经学到了Area2的路由10.3.1.0/24。
· Router A、Router B和Router C既属于同一自治系统,也属于同一OSPF域,通过OSPF协议实现网络互连,并提供GR机制。
· Router A作为非IETF标准GR Restarter,Router B和Router C作为GR Helper并且通过GR机制与Router A保持带外同步。
图1-22 OSPF GR配置组网图
(1) 配置各接口的IP地址(略)
(2) 配置OSPF基本功能
# 配置Router A。
<RouterA> system-view
[RouterA] router id 1.1.1.1
[RouterA] ospf 100
[RouterA-ospf-100] area 0
[RouterA-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0] network 192.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
[RouterA-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0] quit
[RouterA-ospf-100] quit
# 配置Router B。
<RouterB> system-view
[RouterB] router id 2.2.2.2
[RouterB] ospf 100
[RouterB-ospf-100] area 0
[RouterB-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0] network 192.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
[RouterB-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0] quit
[RouterB-ospf-100] quit
# 配置Router C。
<RouterC> system-view
[RouterC] router id 3.3.3.3
[RouterC] ospf 100
[RouterC-ospf-100] area 0
[RouterC-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0] network 192.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
[RouterC-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0] quit
[RouterC-ospf-100] quit
(3) 配置OSPF GR
# 配置Router A作为非IETF标准GR Restarter,即使能OSPF进程100的本地链路信令能力、OSPF带外同步能力和非IETF标准GR能力。
[RouterA-ospf-100] enable link-local-signaling
[RouterA-ospf-100] enable out-of-band-resynchronization
[RouterA-ospf-100] graceful-restart
[RouterA-ospf-100] quit
# 配置Router B作为GR Helper,即使能OSPF进程100的本地链路信令能力和OSPF带外同步能力。
[RouterB-ospf-100] enable link-local-signaling
[RouterB-ospf-100] enable out-of-band-resynchronization
# 配置Router C作为GR Helper,即使能OSPF进程100的本地链路信令能力和OSPF带外同步能力。
[RouterC-ospf-100] enable link-local-signaling
[RouterC-ospf-100] enable out-of-band-resynchronization
# 打开Router A的OSPF平滑启动事件调试信息开关。在Router A上以GR方式重启OSPF进程。
<RouterA> debugging ospf event graceful-restart
<RouterA> terminal monitor
<RouterA> terminal logging level 7
<RouterA> reset ospf 100 process graceful-restart
Reset OSPF process? [Y/N]:y
%Oct 21 15:29:28:727 2011 RouterA OSPF/5/OSPF_NBR_CHG: OSPF 100 Neighbor 192.1.1.2(GigabitEthernet1/0/1) from Full to Down.
%Oct 21 15:29:28:729 2011 RouterA OSPF/5/OSPF_NBR_CHG: OSPF 100 Neighbor 192.1.1.3(GigabitEthernet1/0/1) from Full to Down.
*Oct 21 15:29:28:735 2011 RouterA OSPF/7/DEBUG:
OSPF 100 nonstandard GR Started for OSPF Router
*Oct 21 15:29:28:735 2011 RouterA OSPF/7/DEBUG:
OSPF 100 created GR wait timer,timeout interval is 40(s).
*Oct 21 15:29:28:735 2011 RouterA OSPF/7/DEBUG:
OSPF 100 created GR Interval timer,timeout interval is 120(s).
*Oct 21 15:29:28:758 2011 RouterA OSPF/7/DEBUG:
OSPF 100 created OOB Progress timer for neighbor 192.1.1.3.
*Oct 21 15:29:28:766 2011 RouterA OSPF/7/DEBUG:
OSPF 100 created OOB Progress timer for neighbor 192.1.1.2.
%Oct 21 15:29:29:902 2011 RouterA OSPF/5/OSPF_NBR_CHG: OSPF 100 Neighbor 192.1.1.2(GigabitEthernet1/0/1) from Loading to Full.
*Oct 21 15:29:29:902 2011 RouterA OSPF/7/DEBUG:
OSPF 100 deleted OOB Progress timer for neighbor 192.1.1.2.
%Oct 21 15:29:30:897 2011 RouterA OSPF/5/OSPF_NBR_CHG: OSPF 100 Neighbor 192.1.1.3(GigabitEthernet1/0/1) from Loading to Full.
*Oct 21 15:29:30:897 2011 RouterA OSPF/7/DEBUG:
OSPF 100 deleted OOB Progress timer for neighbor 192.1.1.3.
*Oct 21 15:29:30:911 2011 RouterA OSPF/7/DEBUG:
OSPF GR: Process 100 Exit Restart,Reason : DR or BDR change,for neighbor : 192.1.1.3.
*Oct 21 15:29:30:911 2011 RouterA OSPF/7/DEBUG:
OSPF 100 deleted GR Interval timer.
*Oct 21 15:29:30:912 2011 RouterA OSPF/7/DEBUG:
OSPF 100 deleted GR wait timer.
%Oct 21 15:29:30:920 2011 RouterA OSPF/5/OSPF_NBR_CHG: OSPF 100 Neighbor 192.1.1.2(GigabitEthernet1/0/1) from Full to Down.
%Oct 21 15:29:30:921 2011 RouterA OSPF/5/OSPF_NBR_CHG: OSPF 100 Neighbor 192.1.1.3(GigabitEthernet1/0/1) from Full to Down.
%Oct 21 15:29:33:815 2011 RouterA OSPF/5/OSPF_NBR_CHG: OSPF 100 Neighbor 192.1.1.3(GigabitEthernet1/0/1) from Loading to Full.
%Oct 21 15:29:35:578 2011 RouterA OSPF/5/OSPF_NBR_CHG: OSPF 100 Neighbor 192.1.1.2(GigabitEthernet1/0/1) from Loading to Full.
从上面的信息可以看出Router A完成了GR。
Router S、Router A、Router B属于同一OSPF区域,通过OSPF协议实现网络互连。要求对Router S进行主备倒换时,Router A和Router B到Route S的邻居没有中断,Router A到Router B的流量没有中断。
图1-23 OSPF NSR配置组网图
(1) 配置各路由器接口的IP地址和OSPF协议
请按照上面组网图配置各接口的IP地址和子网掩码,具体配置过程略。
配置各路由器之间采用OSPF协议进行互连,确保Router S、Router A和Router B之间能够在网络层互通,并且各路由器之间能够借助OSPF协议实现动态路由更新。具体配置过程略。
(2) 配置OSPF NSR
# 使能Router S的OSPF NSR功能。
<RouterS> system-view
[RouterS] ospf 100
[RouterS-ospf-100] non-stop-routing
[RouterS-ospf-100] quit
# Router S进行主备倒换。
[RouterS] placement reoptimize
Predicted changes to the placement
Program Current location New location
---------------------------------------------------------------------
rib 0/0 0/0
staticroute 0/0 0/0
ospf 0/0 1/0
Continue? [y/n]:y
Re-optimization of the placement start. You will be notified on completion.
Re-optimization of the placement complete. Use 'display placement' to view the new placement.
# 查看Router A上OSPF协议的邻居和路由。
<RouterA> display ospf peer
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 2.2.2.1
Neighbor Brief Information
Area: 0.0.0.0
Router ID Address Pri Dead-Time State Interface
3.3.3.1 12.12.12.2 1 37 Full/BDR GE1/0/1
<RouterA> display ospf routing
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 2.2.2.1
Routing Table
Routing for network
Destination Cost Type NextHop AdvRouter Area
44.44.44.44/32 2 Stub 12.12.12.2 4.4.4.1 0.0.0.0
14.14.14.0/24 2 Transit 12.12.12.2 4.4.4.1 0.0.0.0
22.22.22.22/32 0 Stub 22.22.22.22 2.2.2.1 0.0.0.0
12.12.12.0/24 1 Transit 12.12.12.1 2.2.2.1 0.0.0.0
Total nets: 4
Intra area: 4 Inter area: 0 ASE: 0 NSSA: 0
# 查看Router B上OSPF协议的邻居和路由。
<RouterB> display ospf peer
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 4.4.4.1
Neighbor Brief Information
Router ID Address Pri Dead-Time State Interface
3.3.3.1 14.14.14.2 1 39 Full/BDR GE1/0/1
<RouterB> display ospf routing
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 4.4.4.1
Routing Table
Routing for network
Destination Cost Type NextHop AdvRouter Area
44.44.44.44/32 0 Stub 44.44.44.44 4.4.4.1 0.0.0.0
14.14.14.0/24 1 Transit 14.14.14.1 4.4.4.1 0.0.0.0
22.22.22.22/32 2 Stub 14.14.14.2 2.2.2.1 0.0.0.0
12.12.12.0/24 2 Transit 14.14.14.2 2.2.2.1 0.0.0.0
Total nets: 4
Intra area: 4 Inter area: 0 ASE: 0 NSSA: 0
通过上面信息可以看出在Router S发生主备倒换的时候,Router A和Router B的邻居和路由信息保持不变,从Router A到Router B的流量转发没有受到主备倒换的影响。
· Router A、Router B和Router C上运行OSPF,网络层相互可达。
· 当Router A和Router B通过L2 Switch通信的链路出现故障时BFD能够快速感知通告OSPF协议,并且切换到Router C进行通信。
图1-24 OSPF与BFD联动配置组网图
设备 |
接口 |
IP地址 |
设备 |
接口 |
IP地址 |
Router A |
GE1/0/1 |
192.168.0.102/24 |
Router B |
GE1/0/1 |
192.168.0.100/24 |
|
GE1/0/2 |
10.1.1.102/24 |
|
GE1/0/2 |
13.1.1.1/24 |
|
Loop0 |
121.1.1.1/32 |
|
Loop0 |
120.1.1.1/32 |
Router C |
GE1/0/1 |
10.1.1.100/24 |
|
|
|
|
GE1/0/2 |
13.1.1.2/24 |
|
|
|
(1) 配置各接口的IP地址(略)
(2) 配置OSPF基本功能
# 配置Router A。
<RouterA> system-view
[RouterA] ospf
[RouterA-ospf-1] area 0
[RouterA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.255
[RouterA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
[RouterA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 121.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
[RouterA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] quit
[RouterA-ospf-1] quit
# 配置Router B。
<RouterB> system-view
[RouterB] ospf
[RouterB-ospf-1] area 0
[RouterB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.255
[RouterB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 13.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
[RouterB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 120.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
[RouterB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] quit
[RouterB-ospf-1] quit
# 配置Router C。
<RouterC> system-view
[RouterC] ospf
[RouterC-ospf-1] area 0
[RouterC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
[RouterC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 13.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
[RouterC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] quit
[RouterC-ospf-1] quit
(3) 配置BFD功能
# 在Router A上使能BFD检测功能,并配置BFD参数。
[RouterA] bfd session init-mode active
[RouterA] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1
[RouterA-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] ospf bfd enable
[RouterA-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] bfd min-transmit-interval 500
[RouterA-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] bfd min-receive-interval 500
[RouterA-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] bfd detect-multiplier 7
[RouterA-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit
# 在Router B上使能BFD检测功能,并配置BFD参数。
[RouterB] bfd session init-mode active
[RouterB] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1
[RouterB-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] ospf bfd enable
[RouterB-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] bfd min-transmit-interval 500
[RouterB-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] bfd min-receive-interval 500
[RouterB-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] bfd detect-multiplier 6
[RouterB-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit
下面以Router A为例,Router B和Router A类似,不再赘述。
# 查看BFD信息。
<RouterA> display bfd session
Total sessions: 1 Up sessions: 1 Init mode: Active
IPv4 session working in control packet mode:
LD/RD SourceIP DestinationIP State Holdtime Interface
3/1 192.168.0.102 192.168.0.100 Up 1700ms GE1/0/1
# 在Router A上查看120.1.1.1/32的路由信息,可以看出Router A和Router B是通过L2 Switch进行通信的。
<RouterA> display ip routing-table 120.1.1.1 verbose
Summary Count : 1
Destination: 120.1.1.1/32
Protocol: O_INTRA
Process ID: 1
SubProtID: 0x1 Age: 04h20m37s
Cost: 1 Preference: 10
IpPre: N/A QosLocalID: N/A
Tag: 0 State: Active Adv
OrigTblID: 0x0 OrigVrf: default-vrf
TableID: 0x2 OrigAs: 0
NibID: 0x26000002 LastAs: 0
AttrID: 0xffffffff Neighbor: 0.0.0.0
Flags: 0x1008c OrigNextHop: 192.168.0.100
Label: NULL RealNextHop: 192.168.0.100
BkLabel: NULL BkNextHop: N/A
SRLabel: NULL Interface: GigabitEthernet1/0/1
BkSRLabel: NULL BkInterface: N/A
SIDIndex: NULL InLabel: NULL
Tunnel ID: Invalid IPInterface: GigabitEthernet1/0/1
BkTunnel ID: Invalid BkIPInterface: N/A
FtnIndex: 0x0 ColorInterface: N/A
TrafficIndex: N/A BkColorInterface: N/A
Connector: N/A VpnPeerId: N/A
Dscp: N/A Exp: N/A
SRTunnelID: Invalid StatFlags: 0x0
SID Type: N/A SID: N/A
BkSID: N/A NID: Invalid
FlushNID: Invalid BkNID: Invalid
BkFlushNID: Invalid PathID: 0x0
CommBlockLen: 0
OrigLinkID: 0x0 RealLinkID: 0x0
当Router A和Router B通过L2 Switch通信的链路出现故障时:
# 查看120.1.1.1/32的路由信息,可以看出Router A和Router B已经切换到Router C进行通信。
<RouterA> display ip routing-table 120.1.1.1 verbose
Summary Count : 1
Destination: 120.1.1.1/32
Protocol: O_INTRA
Process ID: 1
SubProtID: 0x1 Age: 04h20m37s
Cost: 2 Preference: 10
IpPre: N/A QosLocalID: N/A
Tag: 0 State: Active Adv
OrigTblID: 0x0 OrigVrf: default-vrf
TableID: 0x2 OrigAs: 0
NibID: 0x26000002 LastAs: 0
AttrID: 0xffffffff Neighbor: 0.0.0.0
Flags: 0x1008c OrigNextHop: 10.1.1.100
Label: NULL RealNextHop: 10.1.1.100
BkLabel: NULL BkNextHop: N/A
SRLabel: NULL Interface: GigabitEthernet1/0/2
BkSRLabel: NULL BkInterface: N/A
SIDIndex: NULL InLabel: NULL
Tunnel ID: Invalid IPInterface: GigabitEthernet1/0/2
BkTunnel ID: Invalid BkIPInterface: N/ A
FtnIndex: 0x0 ColorInterface: N/A
TrafficIndex: N/A BkColorInterface: N/A
Connector: N/A VpnPeerId: N/A
Dscp: N/A Exp: N/A
SRTunnelID: Invalid StatFlags: 0x0
SID Type: N/A SID: N/A
BkSID: N/A NID: Invalid
FlushNID: Invalid BkNID: Invalid
BkFlushNID: Invalid PathID: 0x0
CommBlockLen: 0
OrigLinkID: 0x0 RealLinkID: 0x0
如图1-25所示,Router A、Router B和Router C属于同一OSPF区域,通过OSPF协议实现网络互连。要求当Router A和Router B之间的链路出现故障时,业务可以快速切换到链路B上。
图1-25 OSPF快速重路由配置组网图
设备 |
接口 |
IP地址 |
设备 |
接口 |
IP地址 |
Router A |
GE1/0/1 |
12.12.12.1/24 |
Router B |
GE1/0/1 |
24.24.24.4/24 |
|
GE1/0/2 |
13.13.13.1/24 |
|
GE1/0/2 |
13.13.13.2/24 |
|
Loop0 |
1.1.1.1/32 |
|
Loop0 |
4.4.4.4/32 |
Router C |
GE1/0/1 |
12.12.12.2/24 |
|
|
|
|
GE1/0/2 |
24.24.24.2/24 |
|
|
|
(1) 配置各路由器接口的IP地址和OSPF协议
请按照上面组网图配置各接口的IP地址和子网掩码,具体配置过程略。
配置各路由器之间采用OSPF协议进行互连,确保Router A、Router B和Router C之间能够在网络层互通,并且各路由器之间能够借助OSPF协议实现动态路由更新。
具体配置过程略。
(2) 配置OSPF快速重路由
OSPF支持快速重路由配置有两种配置方法,可以任选一种。
方法一:使能Router A和Router B的OSPF快速重路由功能(通过LFA算法选取备份下一跳信息)
# 配置Router A。
<RouterA> system-view
[RouterA] ospf 1
[RouterA-ospf-1] fast-reroute lfa
[RouterA-ospf-1] quit
# 配置Router B。
<RouterB> system-view
[RouterB] ospf 1
[RouterB-ospf-1] fast-reroute lfa
[RouterB-ospf-1] quit
方法二:使能Router A和Router B的OSPF快速重路由功能(通过路由策略指定备份下一跳)
# 配置Router A。
<RouterA> system-view
[RouterA] ip prefix-list abc index 10 permit 4.4.4.4 32
[RouterA] route-policy frr permit node 10
[RouterA-route-policy-frr-10] if-match ip address prefix-list abc
[RouterA-route-policy-frr-10] apply fast-reroute backup-interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1 backup-nexthop 12.12.12.2
[RouterA-route-policy-frr-10] quit
[RouterA] ospf 1
[RouterA-ospf-1] fast-reroute route-policy frr
[RouterA-ospf-1] quit
# 配置Router B。
<RouterB> system-view
[RouterB] ip prefix-list abc index 10 permit 1.1.1.1 32
[RouterB] route-policy frr permit node 10
[RouterB-route-policy-frr-10] if-match ip address prefix-list abc
[RouterB-route-policy-frr-10] apply fast-reroute backup-interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1 backup-nexthop 24.24.24.2
[RouterB-route-policy-frr-10] quit
[RouterB] ospf 1
[RouterB-ospf-1] fast-reroute route-policy frr
[RouterB-ospf-1] quit
# 在Router A上查看4.4.4.4/32路由,可以看到备份下一跳信息。
[RouterA] display ip routing-table 4.4.4.4 verbose
Summary Count : 1
Destination: 4.4.4.4/32
Protocol: O_INTRA
Process ID: 1
SubProtID: 0x1 Age: 04h20m37s
Cost: 1 Preference: 10
IpPre: N/A QosLocalID: N/A
Tag: 0 State: Active Adv
OrigTblID: 0x0 OrigVrf: default-vrf
TableID: 0x2 OrigAs: 0
NibID: 0x26000002 LastAs: 0
AttrID: 0xffffffff Neighbor: 0.0.0.0
Flags: 0x1008c OrigNextHop: 13.13.13.2
Label: NULL RealNextHop: 13.13.13.2
BkLabel: NULL BkNextHop: 12.12.12.2
SRLabel: NULL Interface: GigabitEthernet1/0/2
BkSRLabel: NULL BkInterface: N/A
SIDIndex: NULL InLabel: NULL
Tunnel ID: Invalid IPInterface: GigabitEthernet1/0/2
BkTunnel ID: Invalid BkIPInterface: GigabitEthernet1/0/1
FtnIndex: 0x0 ColorInterface: N/A
TrafficIndex: N/A BkColorInterface: N/A
Connector: N/A VpnPeerId: N/A
Dscp: N/A Exp: N/A
SRTunnelID: Invalid StatFlags: 0x0
SID Type: N/A SID: N/A
BkSID: N/A NID: Invalid
FlushNID: Invalid BkNID: Invalid
BkFlushNID: Invalid PathID: 0x0
CommBlockLen: 0
OrigLinkID: 0x0 RealLinkID: 0x0
# 在Router B上查看1.1.1.1/32路由,可以看到备份下一跳信息。
[RouterB] display ip routing-table 1.1.1.1 verbose
Summary Count : 1
Destination: 1.1.1.1/32
Protocol: O_INTRA
Process ID: 1
SubProtID: 0x1 Age: 04h20m37s
Cost: 1 Preference: 10
IpPre: N/A QosLocalID: N/A
Tag: 0 State: Active Adv
OrigTblID: 0x0 OrigVrf: default-vrf
TableID: 0x2 OrigAs: 0
NibID: 0x26000002 LastAs: 0
AttrID: 0xffffffff Neighbor: 0.0.0.0
Flags: 0x1008c OrigNextHop: 13.13.13.1
Label: NULL RealNextHop: 13.13.13.1
BkLabel: NULL BkNextHop: 24.24.24.2
SRLabel: NULL Interface: GigabitEthernet1/0/2
SIDIndex: NULL InLabel: NULL
Tunnel ID: Invalid IPInterface: GigabitEthernet1/0/2
BkTunnel ID: Invalid BkIPInterface: GigabitEthernet1/0/1
FtnIndex: 0x0 ColorInterface: N/A
TrafficIndex: N/A BkColorInterface: N/A
Connector: N/A VpnPeerId: N/A
Dscp: N/A Exp: N/A
SRTunnelID: Invalid StatFlags: 0x0
SID Type: N/A SID: N/A
BkSID: N/A NID: Invalid
FlushNID: Invalid BkNID: Invalid
BkFlushNID: Invalid PathID: 0x0
CommBlockLen: 0
OrigLinkID: 0x0 RealLinkID: 0x0
(0)
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