某局点S12508G-AF ebgp邻居闪断故障

交换机S12508G-AF通过vpn实例kanjia 的LoopBack4（61.148.1.242）接口与互联网两台RR起EBGP（202.106.194.86 202.106.194.87，以及对应v6地址）邻居，中间跨了一层中间设备，125G通过四个三层口互联上联四台大网路由器，早上9：21日志报HGE2/7/0/16接口因收光低而震荡，接口bfd检测会话down，与86和87 bgp邻居down。截取部分关键日志如下：

%May 15 09:21:50:686 2025 csw001&***.***-beijing-4 IFNET/3/PHY_UPDOWN: Physical state on the interface HundredGigE2/7/0/16 changed to down.

%May 15 09:21:50:686 2025 csw001&***.***-beijing-4 IFNET/5/LINK_UPDOWN: Line protocol state on the interface HundredGigE2/7/0/16 changed to down.

%May 15 09:21:51:794 2025 csw001&***.***-beijing-4 BFD/5/BFD_CHANGE_FSM: Sess[61.148.1.242/202.106.194.87, LD/RD:36989/17259, Interface:N/A, SessType:Ctrl, LinkType:INET, Tx: 400, Rx: 400, detect: 5.], Ver:1, Sta: UP->DOWN, Diag: 1 (Control Detection Time Expired)

%May 15 09:21:51:795 2025 csw001&***.***-beijing-4 BGP/5/BGP_STATE_CHANGED: BGP.kanjia: 202.106.194.87  state has changed from ESTABLISHED to IDLE for session down event received from BFD.

1、       对设备日志信息、logfile信息进行详细分析，发现设备上在BGP内以及到邻居的互通ECMP路由中都进行了BFD的联动。关键配置如下：

bgp 65293

    #

ip vpn-instance kanjia

  router-id 61.148.1.242

  peer 202.106.194.86 as-number 4808

  peer 202.106.194.86 connect-interface LoopBack4

  peer 202.106.194.86 ebgp-max-hop 10

  peer 202.106.194.86 bfd multi-hop

  peer 202.106.194.86 password cipher $c$3$w/12/GCjeep1Gmp5jHqzdJeIuCRIZRO6Oh4p

  peer 202.106.194.87 as-number 4808

  peer 202.106.194.87 connect-interface LoopBack4

  peer 202.106.194.87 ebgp-max-hop 10

  peer 202.106.194.87 bfd multi-hop

  peer 202.106.194.87 password cipher $c$3$aYKd0Hl4VaFbAIJ0ocrzM8AFvuzkpGVgeEpc

#

ip route-static vpn-instance kanjia 202.106.194.86 32 HundredGigE1/6/0/16 61.51.112.237 bfd control-packet description to-internet-HundredGigE1/6/0/16

 ip route-static vpn-instance kanjia 202.106.194.86 32 HundredGigE1/7/0/16 124.65.60.25 bfd control-packet description to-internet-HundredGigE1/7/0/16

 ip route-static vpn-instance kanjia 202.106.194.86 32 HundredGigE2/6/0/16 61.148.4.45 bfd control-packet description to-internet-HundredGigE2/6/0/16

 ip route-static vpn-instance kanjia 202.106.194.86 32 HundredGigE2/7/0/16 114.243.132.205 bfd control-packet description to-internet-HundredGigE2/7/0/16

 ip route-static vpn-instance kanjia 202.106.194.87 32 HundredGigE1/6/0/16 61.51.112.237 bfd control-packet description to-internet-HundredGigE1/6/0/16

 ip route-static vpn-instance kanjia 202.106.194.87 32 HundredGigE1/7/0/16 124.65.60.25 bfd control-packet description to-internet-HundredGigE1/7/0/16

 ip route-static vpn-instance kanjia 202.106.194.87 32 HundredGigE2/6/0/16 61.148.4.45 bfd control-packet description to-internet-HundredGigE2/6/0/16

 ip route-static vpn-instance kanjia 202.106.194.87 32 HundredGigE2/7/0/16 114.243.132.205 bfd control-packet description to-internet-HundredGigE2/7/0/16

#

2、       其中BGP与BFD的联动主要想实现的目的是为了在存在多个BGP邻居时，能够快速检测到链路或者某个邻居异常，从而实现快速切换到其他BGP邻居。而现场通过loopback口、多条链路形成ECMP来建立邻居，此时BGP联动的BFD发送BFD协议报文时会从4条链路中挑选一条链路发送，如果选择的链路出现故障时就会导致BFD down。以现网bgp邻居 202.106.194.87为例，本交换机到邻居202.106.194.87有4条等价链路，bgp bfd协议报文会挑选其中一条链路发送，结合故障现象分析故障时挑选了H2/7/0/16发送，当该端口因物理链路问题down了后，设备快速检测到并通知BGP邻居down。

%May 15 09:21:50:686 2025 csw001&***.***-beijing-4 IFNET/3/PHY_UPDOWN: Physical state on the interface HundredGigE2/7/0/16 changed to down.

%May 15 09:21:50:686 2025 csw001&***.***-beijing-4 IFNET/5/LINK_UPDOWN: Line protocol state on the interface HundredGigE2/7/0/16 changed to down.

%May 15 09:21:51:794 2025 csw001&***.***-beijing-4 BFD/5/BFD_CHANGE_FSM: Sess[61.148.1.242/202.106.194.87, LD/RD:36989/17259, Interface:N/A, SessType:Ctrl, LinkType:INET, Tx: 400, Rx: 400, detect: 5.], Ver:1, Sta: UP->DOWN, Diag: 1 (Control Detection Time Expired)

%May 15 09:21:51:795 2025 csw001&***.***-beijing-4 BGP/5/BGP_STATE_CHANGED: BGP.kanjia: 202.106.194.87  state has changed from ESTABLISHED to IDLE for session down event received from BFD.

%May 15 09:21:51:795 2025 csw001&***.***-beijing-4 BGP/5/BGP_STATE_CHANGED_REASON: BGP.kanjia: 202.106.194.87  state has changed from ESTABLISHED to IDLE. (Reason: a session down event was received from BFD, Error code: Send Notificationcode 6/0)

%May 15 09:22:02:870 2025 csw001&***.***-beijing-4 BGP/5/BGP_STATE_CHANGED: BGP.kanjia: 202.106.194.86  state has changed from OPENCONFIRM to ESTABLISHED.

%May 15 09:22:02:870 2025 csw001&***.***-beijing-4 BGP/5/BGP_STATE_CHANGED: BGP.kanjia: 2408:8000:1000:3000::86  state has changed from OPENCONFIRM to ESTABLISHED.

%May 15 09:22:03:315 2025 csw001&***.***-beijing-4 BGP/5/BGP_STATE_CHANGED: BGP.kanjia: 202.106.194.87  state has changed from OPENCONFIRM to ESTABLISHED.

%May 15 09:22:11:976 2025 csw001&***.***-beijing-4 IFNET/3/PHY_UPDOWN: Physical state on the interface HundredGigE2/7/0/16 changed to up.

%May 15 09:22:11:976 2025 csw001&***.***-beijing-4 IFNET/5/LINK_UPDOWN: Line protocol state on the interface HundredGigE2/7/0/16 changed to up.

关于BGP联动BFD的应用场景可以参考配置文档中的说明：

https://www.h3c.com/cn/d_202409/2273206_30005_0.htm

BGP与BFD联动配置

1. 组网需求

·     在AS 200内使用OSPF作为IGP协议，实现AS内的互通。

·     Switch A与Switch C之间建立两条IBGP连接。当Switch A与Switch C之间的两条路径均连通时，Switch C与1.1.1.0/24之间的报文使用Switch A<－>Switch B<－>Switch C这条路径转发；当Switch A<－>Switch B<－>Switch C这条路径发生故障时，BFD能够快速检测并通告BGP协议，使得Switch A<－>Switch D<－>Switch C这条路径能够迅速生效。

2. 组网图

图7-3 配置BGP与BFD联动组网图

3、       结合现网情况，客户预期是bgp邻居 在4条链路相互备份下不出现中断，而bgp bfd功能是快速检测链路问题使bgp邻居down，功能并不是客户预期，建议取消配置BGP和BFD的联动。按照现场的配置，在去掉BGP联动的BFD后，两侧邻居依旧可以通过4条ECMP实现互相冗余，其中的每条静态路由都单独联动了BFD实现快速收敛，保障BGP邻居及其同步的路由的稳定。

1、取消掉BGP与BFD的联动。