防火墙和交换机的IRF有什么区别

目前防火墙的IRF推荐使用冗余口+冗余组的方式。同交换机最大的区别，形成堆叠两台防火墙只有主防火墙转发流量，备份防火墙只有在主防火墙发生故障时，才转发流量。其他的堆叠配置与交换机一致。

您好，请知：

防火墙和交换机的IRF都是将多台物理设备虚拟成一台逻辑设备。

但是由于防火墙是基于会话的，完成IRF的部署后为了避免流量跨框的问题，建议使用冗余组的方式来实现主备。

以下是防火墙冗余组的配置举例，请参考：

2.13  冗余组典型配置举例

2.13.1  工作在三层，上下行分别连接两台路由器，两台路由器接口不在同一网段

1. 组网需求

·     如图2-6所示，Device A和Device B组成IRF，Router 1和IRF相连的接口与Router 2和IRF相连的接口不在同一网段，Router 3和IRF相连的接口与Router 4和IRF相连的接口不在同一网段。

·     正常情况下，流量走Router 1——Device A——Router 3；当这条通道上的任一链路或者设备故障时，流量切换到Router 2——Device B——Router 4。正常通道故障恢复时，流量再切回。

2. 组网图

图2-6 配置组网图

3. 配置步骤

(1)     配置各接口的IP地址、路由、安全域及域间策略保证网络可达，具体配置过程略。

(2)     配置IRF

¡     配置Device A

# 配置IRF端口1/2，并将它与物理端口GigabitEthernet1/0/3绑定，并保存配置。

<DeviceA> system-view

[DeviceA] interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/3

[DeviceA-GigabitEthernet1/0/3] shutdown

[DeviceA-GigabitEthernet1/0/3] quit

[DeviceA] irf-port 1/2

[DeviceA-irf-port1/2] port group interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/3

You must perform the following tasks for a successful IRF setup:

Save the configuration after completing IRF configuration.

Execute the "irf-port-configuration active" command to activate the IRF ports.

[DeviceA-irf-port1/2] quit

[DeviceA] interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/3

[DeviceA-GigabitEthernet1/0/3] undo shutdown

[DeviceA-GigabitEthernet1/0/3] quit

[DeviceA] save

[DeviceA] irf-port-configuration active

# 为确保Device A与Device B在主设备选举过程中，Device A为主，修改Device A成员优先级为2（成员优先级大的优先，缺省情况下，设备的成员优先级均为1）。

[DeviceA] irf member 1 priority 2

# 激活IRF端口下的配置。

[DeviceA] irf-port-configuration active

¡     配置Device B

# 将Device B的成员编号配置为2，并重启设备使新编号生效。

<DeviceB> system-view

[DeviceB] irf member 1 renumber 2

Renumbering the member ID may result in configuration change or loss. Continue? [Y/N]:y

[DeviceB] quit

<DeviceB> reboot

# 参照图2-6进行物理连线。

# 重新登录到Device B，配置IRF端口2/1，并将它与物理端口GigabitEthernet2/0/3绑定，并保存配置。

<DeviceB> system-view

[DeviceB] interface gigabitethernet 2/0/3

[DeviceB-GigabitEthernet2/0/3] shutdown

[DeviceB-GigabitEthernet2/0/3] quit

[DeviceB] irf-port 2/1

[DeviceB-irf-port2/1] port group interface GigabitEthernet 2/0/3

You must perform the following tasks for a successful IRF setup:

Save the configuration after completing IRF configuration.

Execute the "irf-port-configuration active" command to activate the IRF ports.

[DeviceB-irf-port2/1] quit

[DeviceB] interface GigabitEthernet 2/0/3

[DeviceB-GigabitEthernet2/0/3] undo shutdown

[DeviceB-GigabitEthernet2/0/3] quit

[DeviceB] save

# 激活IRF端口下的配置。

[DeviceB] irf-port-configuration active

Device A和Device B间将会进行主设备竞选，竞选失败的一方将重启，重启完成后，IRF形成。

(3)     配置Track，监测上、下行接口的以及安全引擎的状态。

<Sysname> system-view

[Sysname] track 1 interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1 physical

[Sysname-track-1] quit

[Sysname] track 2 interface gigabitethernet 1/0/2 physical

[Sysname-track-2] quit

[Sysname] track 3 interface gigabitethernet 2/0/1 physical

[Sysname-track-3] quit

[Sysname] track 4 interface gigabitethernet 2/0/2 physical

[Sysname-track-4] quit

(4)     配置冗余组。

# 创建Node 1，Node 1和Device A绑定，为主节点，成员接口为GigabitEthernet1/0/1和GigabitEthernet1/0/2。关联的Track项为1和2。

[Sysname] redundancy group aaa

[Sysname]redundancy-group-aaa] node 1

[Sysname-redundancy-group-aaa-node1] bind slot 1

[Sysname-redundancy-group-aaa-node1] priority 100

[Sysname-redundancy-group-aaa-node1] node-member interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1

[Sysname-redundancy-group-aaa-node1] node-member interface gigabitethernet 1/0/2

[Sysname-redundancy-group-aaa-node1] track 1 interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1

[Sysname-redundancy-group-aaa-node1] track 2 interface gigabitethernet 1/0/2

[Sysname-redundancy-group-aaa-node1] quit

# 创建Node 2，Node 2和Device B绑定，为备节点，成员接口为GigabitEthernet2/0/1和GigabitEthernet2/0/2。关联的Track项为3和4。

[Sysname]redundancy-group-aaa] node 2

[Sysname-redundancy-group-aaa-node2] bind slot 2

[Sysname-redundancy-group-aaa-node2] priority 50

[Sysname-redundancy-group-aaa-node2] node-member interface gigabitethernet 2/0/1

[Sysname-redundancy-group-aaa-node2] node-member interface gigabitethernet 2/0/2

[Sysname-redundancy-group-aaa-node2] track 3 interface gigabitethernet 2/0/1

[Sysname-redundancy-group-aaa-node2] track 4 interface gigabitethernet 2/0/2

[Sysname-redundancy-group-aaa-node2] quit

4. 验证配置

(1)     缺省情况下的显示信息

# 显示冗余组信息。可以看到优先级高的Node 1为主节点，Node 1和Node 2下面的成员接口都处于UP状态。

[Sysname-redundancy-group-aaa] display redundancy group aaa

Redundancy group aaa (ID 1):

  Node ID      Slot       Priority   Status        Track weight

  1            Slot1      100        Primary       255

  2            Slot2      50         Secondary     255

Preempt delay time remained     : 0    min

Preempt delay timer setting     : 1    min

Remaining hold-down time        : 0    sec

Hold-down timer setting         : 1    sec

Manual switchover request       : No

Member interfaces:

Member failover groups:

Node 1:

  Node member     Physical status

      GE1/0/1     UP

      GE1/0/2     UP

  Track info:

    Track    Status       Reduced weight     Interface

    1        Positive     255                GE1/0/1

    2        Positive     255                GE1/0/2

Node 2:

  Node member     Physical status

      GE2/0/1     UP

      GE2/0/2     UP

  Track info:

    Track    Status       Reduced weight     Interface

    3        Positive       255              GE2/0/1

    4        Positive       255              GE2/0/2

(2)     冗余组内主备倒换后的显示信息

# 手工关闭接口GigabitEthernet1/0/2，显示冗余组信息。可以看到优先级低的Node 2为主节点，Node 1的成员接口GigabitEthernet1/0/2故障（DOWN），GigabitEthernet1/0/1被协议关闭（DOWN(redundancy down)），Node 2的成员接口转发报文。

[Sysname-redundancy-group-aaa] quit

[Sysname] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/2

[Sysname-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] shutdown

[Sysname-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] display redundancy group aaa

Redundancy group aaa (ID 1):

  Node ID      Slot       Priority   Status        Track weight

  1            Slot1      100        Secondary     -255

  2            Slot2      50         Primary       255

Preempt delay time remained     : 0    min

Preempt delay timer setting     : 1    min

Remaining hold-down time        : 0    sec

Hold-down timer setting         : 1    sec

Manual switchover request       : No

Member interfaces:

Member failover groups:

Node 1:

  Node member     Physical status

      GE1/0/1       DOWN(redundancy down)

      GE1/0/2       DOWN

  Track info:

    Track    Status       Reduced weight     Interface

    1         Negative     255                GE1/0/1

    2         Negative     255                GE1/0/2 (Fault)

Node 2:

  Node member     Physical status

      GE2/0/1   UP

      GE2/0/2   UP

  Track info:

    Track    Status       Reduced weight     Interface

    3         Positive       255              GE2/0/1

    4         Positive       255              GE2/0/2