问
rstp跟mstp
2022-05-30提问
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最佳答案
| STP | RSTP | MSTP | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Its IEEE standard is 802.1D. | Its IEEE standard is 802.1W. | Its IEEE standard is 802.1S. |
| 2 | IEEE 802.1D is the first child of the STP family. | IEEE 802.1W is the successor and an improved version of STP. | IEEE 802.1S is built on top of RSTP to group VLANs into instances for scalability, ease of management, security, etc. |
| 3 | STP results in slower network convergence and not so robust when compared to RSTP and MSTP. | On the other hand, RSTP significantly accelerates network convergence and is more robust than STP. | RSTP is the underlying protocol for MSTP, and that is why it also provides faster convergence similar to RSTP. But it has more features than RSTP. |
| 4 | Deployment of STP is more straightforward than RSTP and MSTP. | RSTP deployment is easier when compared to MSTP. | MSTP needs a proper understanding of STP and additional MSTP concepts before deployment. Which makes it harder to deploy and the reason sometimes network engineers opt for RSTP instead. |
| 5 | STP has three port functions:- Root Port Designated Port Blocked Port | RSTP utilises four ports:- Root Port Designated Port, Alternate Port Backup Port | MSTP has five-port roles:- Root Port Designated Port Alternate port, Backup Port Master port |
| 6 | STP supports five different port states:- Forwarding Learning Listening Blocking Disabled | RSTP is composed of three-port states:- Forwarding Learning Discarding (It replaces Forwarding, Learning, and Listening for fast convergence.) | Since MSTP is built on top of RSTP, it has the same three port states:- Forwarding Learning Discarding |
| 7 | It lacks all link types. | It supports two types of links: shared links and point-to-point links. | It also has two link types, i.e., Shared link and Point to point link. |
| 8 | STP use only 2 bits from the flag octet: Bit 7: Topology Change Acknowledgment. Bit 0: Topology Change | In RSTP, the following flag bits are used: Bit 0 for TCN Bit 1 for Proposal Bits 2 and 3 for Port role Bit 4 for Learning Bit 5 for forwarding Bit 6 for Agreement Bit 7 for TCN | Same as RSTP. |
| 9 | In STP, the root bridge is the only one that sends BPDUs. Others then transfer BPDUs (Bridge protocol data units). | All bridges in RSTP are capable of forwarding BPDUs. | In MSTP, all bridges can forward BPDUs. |
| 10 | In the Spanning Tree Protocol, when a bridge detects a change in the network, it notifies the root, who then notifies all others via BPDU with the TCA bit set, instructing them to clear their database entries when the "short-timer" (Forward delay) expires. | In RSTP, TC (Topology change) is flooded throughout the network; each bridge generates TC (Topology change) and notifies its neighbors when a topology change occurs, immediately deleting old database entries. | Same as RSTP. |
| 11 | If a non-root bridge does not receive Hello after 10*Hello (advertised from the root), the non-root bridge should begin claiming the root role by generating its own Hello. | On the other hand, RSTP does not act until it receives 3*Hello on a root port (advertised from the root). | Same as RSTP. |
| 12 | STP waits until all TC have reached the root and the short timer (Forward delay) has expired before flashing all root database entries. | RSTP immediately deletes all local databases except for the MAC of the port receiving the topology changes (proposal) | Same as RSTP. |
| 13 | STP is compatible with RSTP and MSTP. But it is always advisable to check with the device vendor before deploying more than one Spanning tree Protocol type in your network. | Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol is backward compatible with STP. | MSTP has CST (Common Spanning Tree) Instance, which is backward compatible with the RSTP and STP. |
| 14 | Load balancing or utilizing multiple physical paths in the network is not possible with STP. All VLANs have to follow the same Spanning Tree path. | Same as STP. | Contrary to STP and RSTP, with MSTP, you can group VLANs into separate MST Instances and can utilize multiple physical paths. |
| 15 | Ports connected to endpoints (laptops, computers, printers, etc.) cannot be configured as an edge port for fast transition. There is no concept of edge ports in STP. | When connected to endpoints while in RSTP, these ports can be configured as edge, ports to allow for rapid changes in the forwarding state. | Boundary ports are ports at the edge of an MST region that are connected to either an STP or RSTP bridge or an endpoint. |
- 2022-05-30回答
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