QOS

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一、问题分析与解决方案
S12510 交换机可通过QoS 策略实现拥堵时优先保护重要主机，核心思路是：
识别重要流量：通过 ACL 匹配重要主机 IP/MAC 地址
标记优先级：将重要流量标记为高优先级
优先调度：采用 SP+WRR 混合队列调度，高优先级队列绝对优先
拥塞保护：配置 WRED，对高优先级流量降低丢弃概率
二、详细配置步骤
1. 配置 ACL 识别重要主机
# 创建高级ACL匹配重要服务器IP
[Switch] acl number 3000
[Switch-acl-adv-3000] rule 0 permit ip source 192.168.1.10 0 # 服务器1
[Switch-acl-adv-3000] rule 1 permit ip source 192.168.1.11 0 # 服务器2
[Switch-acl-adv-3000] quit

# 如需基于MAC地址识别(可选)
[Switch] acl number 4000
[Switch-acl-link-4000] rule 0 permit source-mac 00-11-22-33-44-55 ffff-ffff-ffff # 重要主机MAC
[Switch-acl-link-4000] quit
2. 创建 QoS 策略标记重要流量优先级
# 创建流分类，引用ACL
[Switch] traffic classifier important_host operator and
[Switch-classifier-important_host] if-match acl 3000 # 关联IP ACL
[Switch-classifier-important_host] quit

# 创建流行为，设置高优先级
[Switch] traffic behavior important_host
[Switch-behavior-important_host] remark dscp 46 # 设置DSCP为EF( Expedited Forwarding )
[Switch-behavior-important_host] quit

# 关联流分类和流行为
[Switch] qos policy protect_important_host
[Switch-qospolicy-protect_important_host] classifier important_host behavior important_host
[Switch-qospolicy-protect_important_host] quit
3. 配置队列调度策略 (SP+WRR)
# 创建队列调度配置文件
[Switch] qos queue-profile protect_profile
[Switch-qos-queue-profile-protect_profile]

# 配置队列7为严格优先级(SP)，用于重要流量
[Switch-qos-queue-profile-protect_profile] queue 7 sp

# 配置其他队列为加权轮询(WRR)，权重比例为2:1:1:1
[Switch-qos-queue-profile-protect_profile] schedule wrr 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 weight 2 1 1 1 1 1 1
[Switch-qos-queue-profile-protect_profile] quit
4. 配置 WRED 拥塞避免，保护重要流量
# 创建WRED配置文件
[Switch] qos wred-profile protect_wred
[Switch-qos-wred-profile-protect_wred]

# 对高优先级队列(7)设置更低的丢弃概率
[Switch-qos-wred-profile-protect_wred] queue 7 drop-level 1 low-limit 100 high-limit 200 discard-probability 5
[Switch-qos-wred-profile-protect_wred] queue 7 drop-level 2 low-limit 50 high-limit 100 discard-probability 1

# 其他队列保持默认或较高丢弃概率
[Switch-qos-wred-profile-protect_wred] quit
5. 应用配置到接口
# 在连接重要主机的接口应用QoS策略(入方向)
[Switch] interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1 # 假设连接重要服务器的端口
[Switch-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] qos apply policy protect_important_host inbound

# 在交换机上行接口应用队列调度和WRED(出方向)
[Switch] interface Ten-GigabitEthernet2/0/1 # 假设为上行链路
[Switch-Ten-GigabitEthernet2/0/1] qos queue-profile protect_profile outbound
[Switch-Ten-GigabitEthernet2/0/1] qos wred apply protect_wred outbound