★ Creating a VM

H3C UIS 6.5

E0708 or later

Alias

Enter an alias for the VM. You can edit the VM"s alias after the VM is created.

Description

Enter a description for the VM. As a best practice to distinguish VMs with the same name, configure different descriptions for the VMs.

Select Host

Select a host for the VM. If you do not select a host, the system creates the VM on the host with the lightest load. Load measurement criteria include VM quantity, memory usage, and CPU usage.

OS

Select an operating system type for the VM. The operating system that you actually install for the VM must be the same as the selected operating system in type and version.

Version

Select an operating system version. The operating system that you actually install for the VM must be the same as the selected operating system in type and version.

CPUs

Specify the number of vCPUs for the VM, which cannot exceed the number of CPUs on the host.

Memory

Specify a memory size for the VM. The maximum memory size available for the VM depends on the physical memory size of the host.

Disk

Specify a disk size for the VM.

CPU

Specify the number of vCPUs for the VM, which cannot exceed the number of CPUs on the host. However, the total number of vCPUs of VMs on a host can exceed the number CPUs on the host.

In the H3C CAS CVK system, a VM is a process in the operating system of the kernel. The kernel schedules processes through time slices. When the time slice of a process on a CPU runs out, the process will be suspended, and the CPU is passed to the next process. Therefore, the more vCPUs you specify for a VM, the more vCPU time slices will be allocated to the VM and the higher the VM"s performance will be.

CPU Cores

Specify the CPU cores for the VM. The number of CPU cores of a VM cannot exceed that of the host.

Bind Physical CPU

Bind the vCPUs of the VM to one or multiple physical CPUs of the host. Then, the VM can use only the bound physical CPUs.

This feature can reduce cache missings caused by CPU switchover, which improves the performance of the VM. However, this feature causes unbalanced load across the CPUs in the symmetric multi-processing (SMP) system, which might decrease the scheduling efficiency of the whole system.

A vCPU cannot be bound to physical CPUs across NUMA nodes. To ensure successful VM operations (for example, migration, clone, restoration, and import) between two hosts, make sure the source and destination hosts use the same NUMA architecture.

To configure this parameter, you must select a host for the VM.

Operating Mode

Select a CPU operating mode. Options include the following:

·          Compatible—Virtualizes physical CPUs of different models into vCPUs of the same model. This mode features high migration compatibility.

·          Passthrough—Passes physical CPUs to VMs. This mode features low migration compatibility but provides better performance than the Compatible mode. VMs using the passthrough CPU operating mode can be migrated only between hosts with the same CPU model.

Addressing Mode

Select a CPU addressing mode.

A 32-bit operating system supports both the 32-bit and 64-bit addressing modes. A 64-bit operating system supports only the 64-bit addressing mode. If you select the 32-bit addressing mode for a VM using a 64-bit operating system, the VM cannot be started.

Schedule Priority

Select a priority for the processes on the VM to preempt physical CPU resources.

When the physical CPU resources are insufficient, CPU time slices are allocated to VMs with the high, medium, and low priorities in the ratio of 4:2:1.

Reserve

Specify the guaranteed minimum CPU frequency for the VM.

Limit

Specify the maximum clock frequency of the VM, in MHz or GHz. If you leave this parameter empty, the clock frequency is not limited. The value range for this parameter is 10 MHz to the clock frequency of the host.

I/O Priority

Select a priority for the processes on the VM to read/write disks.

When multiple VMs on a host read or write the disk simultaneously, VMs with higher I/O priorities can achieve better performance.

Limit Sharing

Select whether to enable limit sharing. For example, if you enable limit sharing for a VM that has 4 CPU cores and set the maximum host CPU frequency that a single CPU core of the VM can use to 2 GHz, the maximum host CPU frequency is 8 GHz for both the VM and a single CPU core of the VM.

Online Scale Down

Select whether to enable online CPU scale down for the VM.

Memory

Specify the maximum memory size of the VM"s operating system, in MB or GB. The value range for this parameter is 512 MB to the maximum memory size of the host.

In the H3C CAS CVK system, memory resources are allocated to VMs on an on-demand basis. Therefore, the total size of memory that you specify for all VMs on a host can exceed the physical memory size of the host. However, memory overcommitment is not recommended in actual production environments because redundant memory resources are required if DRS, HA, DPM, affinity, or anti-affinity services are configured.

Reserve

Specify the memory to be reserved for the VM to the maximum memory of the VM in percentage. 0 indicates that no memory is reserved. When the load of the VM increases and all the reserved memory has been used, the VM can retain the reserved memory even if it is idle.

The host allocates memory to VMs based on the actual memory usage of the VMs.

You can reserve some memory for a VM in case the VM needs more memory after the host memory is exhausted.

Limit

Specify the maximum size of host memory that the VM can use.

Resource Priority

Select a priority for the VM to request memory resources. When the VM requests more memory than its reserved memory, the host makes memory allocation decisions based on the resource priority if memory contention occurs.

Ballooning

Select whether to enable ballooning for the VM. With ballooning enabled, the system dynamically allocates host memory to the VM without shutting down the VM.

HugePages

Select whether to enable the VM to use HugePages memory of the host. You can enable this feature only if the HugePages feature is enabled on the host. HugePages memory is mutually exclusive with memory reservation, memory limit, resource priority, and ballooning.

Network

Select a vSwitch for the VM. A vSwitch is a software-based IP forwarding and control module. All traffic between VMs and the external network is forwarded through vSwitches.

Port Profile

Select a port profile for the VM. The port profile defines the VLAN, ACL, and network bandwidth settings for the VM.

Virtual Firewall

Select a virtual firewall for the VM. The incoming and outgoing data packets of the VM will be filtered based on the firewall rules.

NIC Type

Select a NIC type for the VM. Options include the following:

·          Common NIC—Provides a transmission rate of 100 Mbps.

·          Intel e1000 NIC—Provides a transmission rate of 1000 Mbps.

·          High-Speed NIC—Provides a transmission rate of 10000 Mbps. High-speed NICs are driven by CVK.

·          SR-IOV Passthrough NIC—VMs use vNICs virtualized from physical NICs. SR-IOV passthrough NICs provide the best performance but require the support of the physical NIC and VMs. This option is available only after you select a host for the VM.

Driver Type

Select a driver type for the SR-IOV passthrough NIC. The value of this parameter is VFIO. This parameter is configurable only when you select SR-IOV Passthrough NIC as the NIC type.

VLAN ID

Specify a VLAN ID for the VM. This parameter is configurable only when you select SR-IOV Passthrough NIC as the NIC type.

Bound IPv4

Enter the IPv4 address bound to the MAC address of the VM’s NIC. If the IP address that you actually specify for the VM"s NIC is different from the bound IPv4 address, the VM"s NIC cannot communicate correctly.

MAC

Select a MAC address assignment mode.

Fast Forwarding

Select whether to enable fast forwarding for the VM. After you enable this feature, the high-speed NIC is simulated in CVK as an independent thread, which improves the network performance of the VM.

This parameter is configurable only when you select High-Speed NIC as the NIC type.

Hot Swappable

Select whether to enable hot NIC swapping for the VM. This parameter is configurable only when you select High-Speed NIC as the NIC type.

MTU

Specify an MTU for the VM"s NIC. This parameter is configurable only when you select Common NIC, High-Speed NIC, or Intel e1000 NIC as the NIC type.

Disk

Specify the size of the storage volume used as the disk of the VM.

Type

Select a disk type. Options include the following:

·          Block Device—A block device is also called a raw device, which does not have a file system, for example, a storage LUN on an IP SAN or FC SAN. Block devices are typically used in a virtualization environment that requires high performance, for example, databases and high-performance I/O compute.

·          New File—Create a new empty storage file as the disk of the VM. A disk file is created based on the file system and provides high manageability.

·          Existing File—Select an existing storage file that is not used by other VMs as the disk of the VM.

This parameter is configurable only after you select a host for the VM. If you do not select a host for the VM, the value of this parameter is New File.

Storage Pool

Select a storage pool for the new disk.

File Name

Enter a name for the disk file and select a disk format if a new file is used as the disk. The raw format provides high I/O efficiency but does not support snapshots or fast clone.

Provisioning

Select a storage volume provisioning mode. Options include the following:

·          Thin—Allocates only as much storage space as the storage volume needs for its initial operations when the storage volume is created. If the storage volume needs more storage space later, you can allocate as much storage space as the volume requires based on the specified maximum storage size. This mode provides the lowest performance because it has a high metadata I/O cost.

·          Lazy Zeroed—Allocates the specified maximum storage size to the storage volume when the storage volume is created. Data remaining on the physical device is not erased during creation, but is zeroed out on first write from the VM. This mode provides a low performance causes write amplification problems. The minimum data management unit of the file system is 1 MB. If only 4 KB data is written, the remaining 1020 KB data will be cleared, which results in a high cost.

·          Eager Zeroed—Allocates the specified maximum storage size to the storage volume when the storage volume is created. Data remaining on the physical device is zeroed out during creation. Creating a storage volume using this provisioning mode consumes more time than creating a storage volume using other provisioning modes. This mode provides the highest performance but it does not allocate resources on demand, which wastes resources in virtualization scenarios.

Bus Type

Select a bus type. Options include the following:

·          IDE—Applicable to IDE devices, such as CD-ROM drives. This bus type provides a low performance.

·          USB—Applicable to USB peripherals.

·          High-Speed—Provides the highest performance and is most commonly used.

·          High-Speed SCSI—Provides a low system occupancy and a high transmission rate. To process special or frequent SCSI instructions, select this type.

Cache Mode

Select a data caching mode for the VM. Different caching modes provide different read/write performance.

The following options are available:

·          Directsync—Data[ge1]  is written to the physical disk and then synchronized to the disk file of the VM, which improves data security but reduces efficiency. If[ge2]  the VM uses local disks, select this mode to ensure data security.

·          Writethrough—Data is read from the host cache and written to the host cache and then to the physical disk. This mode provides the lowest write performance but the highest data security.

·          Writeback—Data is written to the VM cache, then to the host cache, and finally to the physical disk. A write operation is completed as soon as the data is written to the host cache. This mode provides the highest efficiency but the lowest data security.

·          None—Data is written to the VM cache and then to the physical disk. This mode provides the highest overall performance in security and performance.

Hot Swappable

Select whether to enable hot disk swapping for the VM. This parameter is configurable only when you select High-Speed as the bus type.

Floppy

Select a floppy drive image. The system will automatically load a high-speed driver compatible with the selected operating system version.

CD-ROM

Select a CD-ROM drive image.

Connection Mode

Select a CD-ROM drive connection mode.

GPU Device

Resource Pool

Select a resource pool. A resource pool contains all available GPUs in the cluster.

Service Template

Select a service template. The service template defines the priority for the VM to access the scarce resources (such as GPUs and HBA cards) on the host.

Drive Type

Select a driver type for the GPU device. The value of this parameter is fixed at VFIO.

For VMs using a Windows 7 professional operating system, the GPU device"s driver type can only be VFIO.

USB Device

Connection Mode

Select a USB connection standard.

This parameter is available only after you select a host for the VM.

Remote USB Device

Connection Mode

Select a USB connection standard.

This parameter is available only after you select a host for the VM.

PCI Device

Driver Type

Select a driver type for the PCI device.

This parameter is available only after you select a host for the VM.

Watchdog

Add a watchdog for the VM. Interrupt options include Reboot, Power Off, and Migrate.